Abstract:
We measure the transport properties of two-dimensional ultracold Fermi gases during transverse demagnetization in a magnetic field gradient. Using a phase-coherent spin-echo sequence, we are able to distinguish bare spin diffusion from the Leggett-Rice effect, in which demagnetization is slowed by the precession of a spin current around the local magnetization. When the two-dimensional scattering length is tuned to be comparable to the inverse Fermi wave vector k−1F, we find that the bare transverse spin diffusivity reaches a minimum of 1.7(6) ℏ/m, where m is the bare particle mass. The rate of demagnetization is also reflected in the growth rate of the s-wave contact, observed using time-resolved spectroscopy. The contact rises to 0.28(3) k2F per particle, which quantifies how scaling symmetry is broken by near-resonant interactions, unlike in unitary three-dimensional systems. Our observations support the conjecture that, in systems with strong scattering, the local relaxation rate is bounded from above by kBT/ℏ.
C. Luciuk, S. Smale, F. Böttcher, H. Sharum, B. A. Olsen, S. Trotzky, T. Enss, J. H. Thywissen: Observation of Quantum-Limited Spin Transport in Strongly Interacting Two-Dimensional Fermi Gases, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118 (2017) 130405
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.130405
Related to Project C02, C03